Back pain experiences it at least once in every person's life. The doctors believe that this is the inevitable result of the upright position. Modern people reinforce this physical inactivity, poor nutrition, stress. The back pain in children and adolescents is also not uncommon.
Fortunately, when the timely treatment many of the processes in the pediatric age group are reversible. Therefore, parents should always be attentive to the child and do not ignore its complaints about the deteriorating health.
Back pain of the child causes
The causes of back pain in children a variety of. These may be the defects of degenerative changes of the spine, diseases of the internal organs, the consequences of infection, and also physical surge.
Physical overload
A child's skeleton is not yet formed, cartilage tissue, vertebrae weaker than that of an adult. Also, have not developed the muscles of the back. Overload may occur due to extended use-heavy portfolio, especially when paired correctly. A particular danger soft backpack that the children carry on one shoulder. The load is distributed unevenly, some muscles are always in constant tension, other relaxed. Because of a not correct physiological position of your back pain. If the process is valid only for the muscles, to resolve a situation easy. It is necessary to take the child backpack with backrest orthopedic and wide straps.
The pain in the back due to overloads often occur in children, dealing with sport, for example while jumping. This is particularly characteristic for the first time, until the body is not accustomed to the loads. Parents in the pursuit of sporting achievements of his son, absolutely forgetting his health, trying to drive the grueling workouts every day. Muscles and ligaments do not have time to recover, and then the little athlete you are experiencing chronic pain. To eliminate the pain, it is necessary to build a workout regime and rest for the child has had time to recover.
Prolonged sitting
The lack of physical exercise – it is a scourge of modern society. Contrary to his nature, which leads to greater mobility in the pediatric age, the child spends a lot of time on the computer. Parents are afraid to let go on the road children, can not find the time to guide the child in the sports section. Constant static load on the spinal column, becomes the cause of back pain. Added to this is the lack of fresh air, the wrong food. The combination of all the factors causes the development of scoliosis, and osteoarthritis. This explains the high percentage of young people with serious back problems.
Properly organized bed
Doctors recommend to sleep on a solid surface. This is particularly important for children, as well as their backbone easily undergoes deformation.
Injury
Spinal cord injuries a child may obtain in the event of a fall, sudden movement, running exercises for the back muscles without the training. The pain occurs immediately, but after some time, when in the vertebral column is formed by an outbreak of inflammation.
Myositis
Myositis is an inflammatory process in the muscles of the back. It may be primary, that is, occur as a result of an injury or stay in the project, or secondary, the cause of which are infections, flu or sore throat. The pain occurs in a particular stage of the back, the muscles are tense, the pain intensifies with palpation. It can also be swelling and swelling at the site of the lesion.
Scoliosis
Scoliosis — curvature of the spine is the most common disease in children. The disease appears for many reasons: congenital anomalies, infections, trauma, poor posture. Before the outward signs of the disease have disappeared, the child complains to the rigidity of the muscles of the back, pain when you bend in the curve of the trunk, after a long session. In 2-3 stages of scoliosis becomes apparent asymmetry of the vanes of the bones of the pelvis, lower. If time does not begin treatment, the child violated the work of the internal organs, it will be difficult to move by yourself.
Low back pain
It is believed that low back pain is a disease of the elderly. However, degenerative changes of the spine, more and more often diagnosed in the pediatric age group. They may be the result of congenital abnormalities, the structure of the vertebrae, also occur because of a wrong posture and lack of sufficient physical activity. In fact, the child begins the early ageing of the vertebral column. The diagnosis of the disease is hampered by the fact that the symptoms are expressed not brilliant. The child may feel discomfort in the back, but don't tell your parents. Should warn the following signs: frequent headaches, sleep disorders, fatigue, blurred vision, disturbances of the functioning of the internal organs.
Tumors of the spine
Fortunately, tumors of the spine in children is a rare phenomenon. The tumor presses on the nearby nerves and blood, causing pain. When a benign tumor mild pain persists for a long time. If the process is malicious, then the pain intensifies, it is difficult to stop the painkillers.
Renal colic
The cause of renal colic is pyelonephritis, or kidney stones. There is also a innate deviation in the structure of the kidney. Usually renal colic accompanied by severe pain, fever, pain during urination, frequent stimuli in the toilet.There may be traces of blood in the urine, changing its colour and smell.
Infectious diseases
The back and belly of the child can become ill after suffering an infectious disease, for example, the flu. The virus spreads throughout the body, causing an active immune response. The result is a fever, pain in muscles and joints. Usually unpleasant feeling after having removed the acute period. If the pain persists for a long time after healing, is specific to the development of complications.
Because the back pain of a teenage girl?
Loin in the girls, adolescents of the age is evil before the beginning of the menstrual cycle. The body undergoes hormonal changes, which prepare the girl to the adult life. Small sensations of pain before the cycle or in the first days of the menstrual cycle normal. The uterus contracts, by removing the endometrium. Spasm of the smooth muscle is the source of the pain.
Maybe the girls will develop pelvic inflammation. Severe pain accompanied by endometriosis. In this situation, it is necessary to pass a comprehensive examination. In the initial phase of the disease is easier to treat.
Diagnostics
To determine the cause of the pain you need to consult a neurologist or orthopedist. First of all, the doctor will take the survey, he discovers that he has preceded the appearance of symptoms such as pain, how long the unpleasant feelings. Then pass the external examination, on the theme of abrasions, bruises, swelling, curvature of the spine.
To clarify the diagnosis, to appoint the following methods of investigation:
- Analysis of urine of the blood.
- ULTRASOUND of the internal organs. Pass the girls in order to exclude diseases of the uterus and of the ovaries.
- X-ray of the spine. Allows you to detect the consequences of accidents changes of the vertebrae, dystrophic destruction of the discs due to degenerative disc disease.
- Magnetic RESONANCE imaging, CT scans of the spine pass, if it failed to discover the cause of the pain. Using magnetic RESONANCE imaging to diagnose even the minimum of disturbance, changes in tissue, blood circulation.
Treatment
The choice of methods of treatment depends on the cause of the pain. If detected a fracture or displacement of the vertebrae, often requires surgery. For the treatment of scoliosis and osteoarthritis apply the curative physical education, massage reiki. Teenagers also need to wear orthopaedic corsets, which in the initial stage of scoliosis can lead to positive results.
If the pain is caused by prolonged static tension, and the child recommend dosed physical load, the normalization of the day. The pain caused by congestion, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of your workout. It will also help you relaxing massage.
For the relief of pain, you can apply the following medications:
- Anti-spasmodics. Relax smooth muscles, relieve the muscle spasm.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in extreme cases when the pain is too strong.
- Anti-inflammatory ointments, patches. Help the myositis, pain caused by overexertion. Before application make sure that the baby will not suffer from allergy to components of drug.
Prevention
If the place of work of a child and the day mode is organized for the good, then he will never appear problems with the spinal column. The main prevention measures:
- The proper organization of the workplace. Table and chair student must meet the growth, be comfortable and functional. Now you can buy special mattresses and chairs, which do not allow the child to cava. With the first days of school is necessary to accustom the child to keep the back flat, then it becomes a habit.
- Practical portfolio. For younger students, the best fit backpacks with orthopaedic hard back and wide straps. They allow you to evenly distribute the load on the spine, keep the back straight, shoulders straightened. Older students also choose a backpack and carry it on two shoulders.
- Improvement in bed. The child can not sleep on a too soft mattress and a large pillow. The mattress should be semi-stiff, the cushion is not very high. So during the night, the spine will be in the anatomically correct position, continue normal movement.
- Dosage physical. Harmful to the children is the lack of physical activity, and excessive sports training. For each age there is their rate of physical activity. You should know coach, teacher of physical education. It is not possible to load the older child, who was able to bear on the basis of age.
- The proper posture. Disorders of posture occurs because of weakness in the muscle corset. The muscles of the baby is tired to stay long in one position, and then the children are constantly in quarry. To maintain a correct posture is necessary to perform special exercises that strengthen the muscles of the back. A very good result gives you swimming, jogging, gymnastics.