The back pain occurs quite often. The patients say "I have a sore back", "pinched the lower part of the back", "back pain in the lower back". If the pain is inconsiderate, they can say "it hurts my lower back", "roll" the lower back", "complains about the loins". Sometimes the pain describe it as a burning sensation in the lower part of the back.
The loin is called the lower part of the back - from where it ends, the ribs, up to the coccyx. Perhaps, a single word to indicate lumbar it took just to indicate the place where it hurts. After all, if the back pain, in most cases, it hurts exactly the loins.
Which may be the back pain
Often back pain occurs suddenly and is acute. In this case, they talk about low back pain (obsolete popular name - cross). The pain is described as sharp, "shooting". Movement bound, at times even impossible to straighten the back. Throughout the movement the pain intensifies.
A twinge of pain can last a couple of minutes, but can last considerable time (up to a few days). It can be so, that the crisis will pass, and the more pain on you will not remember, but often the pain is back and the man get used to it, that the loins he can hurt you.
The back pain can not only be acute (sudden), you can wear a pull of the character and be chronic. The game, but persistent pain in the back, sometimes aggravated, for example, during exercise, an infectious disease, subcooling, etc., are called the lumbar region. Sometimes directly, there is no pain, but back pain persists stiffness, the patient feels a discomfort.
The causes of lower back pain
Back pain can be caused by a variety of reasons, however, the statistics here is the following:
- in 90% of cases the pain caused by problems with the spinal column and the muscles of the back;
- in 6 % the cause of the pain is a disease of the kidneys;
- 4% - diseases of other internal organs of the system, genito-urinary, intestinal).
The altitude of the spine represent the largest proportion of all cases of back pain, and it is not the case. The person the center of gravity of the body is located just at the lumbar level, and when you walk around the load almost entirely borne by the lumbar spine (in animals that move on all fours, this problem is not there). And when a person sits down, the vertebrae of the lumbar and sacro experiencing the same pressure force, with which the diver crushes 170 metres of a layer of water. Of course, that this area is particularly vulnerable.
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, causing back pain:
- entrapment of the sciatic nerve. The nerve roots that leave from the spinal cord and compressed the adjacent vertebrae. When you experience a sharp, shooting pain. Usually, the crushing of the roots becomes possible due to degenerative changes in the spine (osteochondrosis): the intervertebral discs that separate the vertebrae from one another, are destroyed, the space between the vertebrae narrows, and a sudden movement (tilt, rotation) can lead to pinching the nerve branch;
- sciatica (sciatica). The pizzicato of the nerve roots can become inflamed. The inflammation of the nerve root called sciatica (from lat. radicula - "back"); to indicate inflammation of the sciatic nerve is sometimes used a special name - the sciatica. With the defeat of the sciatic nerve can be lumboischalgia - back pain, it is spreading also in the buttock and the leg in the movement of the sciatic nerve;
- herniated disc - diverticulum fragment of disc in the spinal canal. Occur due to injury or degenerative changes of the spine (osteoarthritis);
- myositis of the lumbar muscles. Myositis is the inflammation of the skeletal muscles. Of myositis of the lumbar muscles may be suffering from hypothermia or strong tension.
Also the back pain can be caused by diseases such as multiple sclerosis, degenerative sacroiliitis, osteoporosis.
The prevention of back pain
Aspect of back pain is often caused attitude negligent to their own health. The pain can be caused by:
- the prolonged stay in the same position (for example, sedentary work);
- incorrect posture;
- low mobility;
- excessive physical workloads.
All of these factors contribute to the development of diseases that manifest in back pain. The risk of the appearance of pain can be reduced if you follow the advice of doctors:
- follow posture;
- avoid awkward postures of sitting at work. It is desirable that the knees are slightly above the hip joints. To do this, use a low stool or a support under the feet. Pass a small pillow between the little of the back and the seat and the backrest;
- sedentary work, you need the time to get up to move around. Take hourly five-minute breaks; the proper way to lift weights
- to sleep, preferably on an orthopedic mattress (elastic and quite stiff);
- lift weights to account the bending of the knee, and not the back. That is, you need to sit down, bending your knees, and then straighten them while maintaining a regular line of the back;
- load transfer, it is necessary to distribute evenly between the two hands, wearing all the load in one hand (a heavy bag) is not possible;
- every day you need to do a series of exercises, aimed at strengthening the muscles of the abdomen and back.
Lower back pain in case of kidney disease
When the back pain it is important to define what is their cause - diseases of the musculoskeletal system or kidney disease (and also other internal organs). The diagnosis must exercise the doctor. However, there are signs that indicate that the pain can be due to kidney problems or (and) other organs of the genitourinary system. When the manifestation of these symptoms it is advisable to consult a doctor-urologist. Renal disease (or, more in general, of the genitourinary system) can be suspected, if the pain is accompanied by:
- the deterioration in general health (apathy, drowsiness, weakness, fatigue);
- swelling of the eyelids, of the face. Swelling especially expressed in the morning, after waking and disappears in the evening;
- fever, chills, sweating;
- loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting;
- palpitations, or painful urination;
- the change of the characteristics of urine, which can become more concentrated in color, or vice versa - colorless, contain mucus or blood);
- increase in blood pressure.
Also an important signal that the back pain caused by problems with the internal organs, and not of the muscle-skeletal system, is its independence from the position of the body from the change of the position of the limbs and body the pain increases and does not decrease. However, in the event of a prolonged walk in the pathology check the pain can increase. Has the value and the location of the pain. When kidney disease pain often is observed from a side (since it is usually suffering from a single kidney). Kidney pain may not be limited a little bit in the back, and distributed in the course of the ureter, in the groin, external genitalia, on the inner surface of the thighs.
Back pain: what to do?
The back pain is the symptom of a disease that requires treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor. But in the case of a sudden attack of acute pain ("lumbago", a typical radicolite), first of all, you need to loosen the pain syndrome. The doctors advise:
- use a light heat. Tie on the back, a shawl made of wool or a wool belt;
- you are pain killers;
- it is necessary to take a position, lets you relax the muscles of the back. It is recommended that you lie on your back on a flat surface (the edge); the legs should be raised and bent at the knee, with them you must enclose the rolled blanket or a pillow. (On the floor to go desirable, you can blow the draft).
The proposed pose - it is not a dogma. The patient should feel relief, so they are possible other poses; for example, lying on a table, put on his knees bent legs, holding between them a cushion. You can try to lie on your belly and stretch your legs, putting a pillow under the ankles. If the acuteness of the pain is able to take off, this does not mean that the doctor is no longer necessary. Without an adequate treatment of heart attacks will be repeated, and the situation in general is deteriorating.
The doctor who complain with back pain?
When the back pain is best to consult a doctor-the therapist, because first of all it is necessary to determine the disease what organs causes pain. Depending on the inspection results, you may need a consultation or other medical specialist. May be assigned:
- consultation of a physician and neurologist for the evaluation of the state of the spinal column, the muscles of the back and nervous system;
- consulting physician-urologist - in case of suspicion of urinary tract disease;
- consulting physician-gynecologist - in case of suspicion or presence of chronic diseases in the organs of the female genital organs;
- common analysis of blood and urine to confirm or exclude the nature of the inflammatory disease;
- x-ray of the spinal column ;
- ULTRASOUND of the hip ;
- and also other studies.