The formation of a correct posture in children

The formation of a correct posture in children depends to a large extent by the environment. In their role as parents, but also of the employees of preschool and school institutions is to follow the correct position of the children in standing, sitting and walking, and use the exercises educational, mainly, the muscles of the back, legs, and abdomen. It is necessary that the child has developed natural muscle.

On the vertebral column and its changes

The vertebral column (spine) is the main part of the axial skeleton of man and consists of 33-34 vertebrae, which are connected to each other by ligaments and joints.

In the womb children's spine seems to be a uniform arc. When is a child to this world, his spine straightened and becomes almost a straight line. From the moment of birth, begins to form the posture. If you have skill of keeping the head in the raised position, the cervical region of the vertebral column of the child gradually there is decline in the next, so-called cervical lordosis. If the time came when the child is already able to sit, thoracic spine is also the curve shape, just reversed back (kyphosis). And if the child begins to walk, in the lumbar area, by the time you curved shape with a bulge, which faces forward. This is the lumbar lordosis. That is why it is important to follow up with further correct training of children posture.

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About the posture and its violations

The posture is called the capacity of man to maintain the body in a variety of positions. And ' right and wrong.

The posture is considered correct, if its home block of a person to stay in a familiar environment for him, pose, render useless the active tension and maintains the head and the body straight. Also, it has a easy walk, a little drooping, and reserved in the back of the shoulders, facing forward on the chest, trim stomach and legs, directed in the knee.

When incorrect posture the person is not able to properly maintain your body, then, as a general rule, it is worth and moves on the semi-bent legs, lowering the shoulders and head, and also putting forward the belly. With this posture is broken the normal functioning of internal organs.

Various disorders of posture, whether of condescension, lordosis, kyphosis or scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine) – often occur in children of pre-school age and school. In essence, these children, or physically weakened, or suffering from any chronic illness or are already suffering from serious diseases in childhood.

The prevention of disorders of posture

The prevention of any disorders related to the posture, it must be integrated and based on the following principles.

A correct diet.

Continually evolving the body of the child for the growth needs of nutrients useful. The power should be comprehensive and diversified, as on this depends, as would be proper development of muscles and bones.

The motor activity.

Are very important for the health of the children posture, physical exercise, various types of sports (especially skiing and swimming), gymnastics, but also for tourism, outdoor activities, etc. keep in mind that if physical development must not encourage the child to do the sudden and fast loads.

The correct mode of the day.

To avoid problems with posture, it is necessary not only to arrange the correct day mode (travel time, sleep, wakefulness, eating, etc.), but also adhere to strictly, without exceptions, for example, during the end of the week.

Comfortable private park.

  • The room should have a quality of lighting. More table lamp must be provided with children's desk.
  • The height of the table should adapt to the growth of the child. There are also special benches, which are designed for the correction of posture school.
  • The chair must repeat the curves of the body. The truth, instead of an orthopaedic chair can be placed behind the back at the level of lumbar cushion more than the normal chair. The height of the chair, in theory, should be equal to the height of the calf. Use a footrest, if they do not come up to the floor.
  • The child should be seated so that the back of him against the backrest of the chair, and the head slightly leans forward, and between the body and the table easily pass the palm of the rib. When you sit down it is not possible to clean the legs under itself, as this may cause the curvature of the spinal column and interruption of the circulation of the blood.
  • In the crib must be smooth and solid mattress. With this type of baby's weight is evenly distributed, and the more muscle you relax after the vertical position of the torso throughout the day. Do not let the fact that the child was sleeping on a soft surface. This causes the formation of errors of the curves of the spine during sleep. Also, a mattress is soft it stimulates the heating of the intervertebral discs, which are in communication with which is broken thermo-regulation. As for the child cushion, she must be flat and be exclusively under the head, and not below the shoulders.

Competent fix the shoe.

Correct, precise, and timely selection of shoes for children allows parents to avoid and even solve many problems, such as functional shortening of a limb, arose because of disorders of posture, or compensation of defects stop (one foot and a flat foot).

The uniform distribution of the loads.

Well-known that very often it is in school age, when children, there is a rapid growth of bone and muscle mass, are, unfortunately, buying the curvature of the spine. This happens because of the fact that at that age, the spinal column of the child is not suitable for heavy loads. Parents should try not to overload the child when wearing their bag, backpack or briefcase. Remember that in accordance with weight that you can lift the child, equal to 10% of total body weight.

The backrest of the school backpack must be solid and plain, of a width not exceed the width of the shoulders. Also the bag should not hang below the belt and straps on it should be soft and wide, adjustable in length. Unacceptable for a long period of time, wearing heavy bags on one shoulder, which is especially important for girls. In this case, the curvature of the spine can become a problem unavoidable.

In regard to the proper transfer of weight, it is known that bending over to take the weight and increase the is a huge load on the spinal column and so I can't do. The right one would be the first to sit down with a smooth back, then pick up, tighten the chest, go up and attributed. And a word of advice to parents: even if you do not follow this rule, you teach him your child.

The formation of a correct posture

Stimulate growth and develop the muscles of the child can safely start since his birth. So their growth and power will be to develop more quickly. For the infants of great help in this is the massage (on prescription).

The child, at the age of 2-3 months you can begin doing exercises for the training of the muscle groups, responsible for the preservation of the body in the right position. For this it will be sufficient with the help of hands to lift the child, passing from a position "lying" in the "up" position, after that long-keep it on the weight. In this position the muscles and joints of the child's move, which it prepares in this case, all the muscle groups.

After 1.5 years in the form of a game with a child, you can begin to do gymnastics. Together we can "chop the wood", "cat" arch your back, "pumping the water", walking according to the line drawn, as on a razor's edge, rolling on the floor, will be an obstacle course, etc you Can ask the child to represent a bird: lie on your stomach, "wings" (extend the arms) and keep the ankle of the foot.

Posture of the child is formed before puberty. All this time, it is necessary to follow his training. If the child is already born a certain violation prior to the beginning of this period can be resolved. The child should see the doctor regularly, orthopedic, while it has registered, and pass all sorts of treatment. This can be physiotherapy, swimming, massage, physiotherapy, manual therapy, as well as surgical treatment (indication).

Useful exercises

For the formation of a correct posture in children and also prevent the violation in the course of the lessons, morning gymnastics, physical exercise, and during these minutes in the house and, especially, in preschool and school institutions, it is possible to use a variety of useful exercises. Below are some examples of such exercises.

  • The child is standing on one leg or goes to the trunk.
  • Keeping behind the circle, the child makes the slopes to the side.
  • Holding in his hand a stick, the child crouches, standing on tip-toes.
  • Get rid of the hands, the child makes the slopes ago.
  • Putting the legs in pieces, and holding in his hand a stick, the child, прогнувшись, makes you lean forward.
  • The child raises her legs upwards, lying on his back.
  • The child crawls on all fours.
  • The child, maintaining a correct posture, walking, taking no load on the head.
  • Hands down the child holding a stick behind the tips, and raises his arms upwards, laying the groundwork for a stick behind his back, after which alternating gradients to the left and to the right.
  • Using the horizontal bar or the Swedish wall, baby, hard, clasping hands cross bar, bending the legs at right angles and is in that position for a few seconds.
  • When you are in the position to "stand with your feet together, your arms", the child gives the right leg back and raises his hands and stops, after which you repeat the exercise with the left leg.
  • Lying on his back, the child with the foot "the pedals of a bicycle," or depicts the "scissor".
  • Lying on his stomach, the child lifts with their knees bent legs, bend your ankles with your hands and begin to move, like a boat on the waves.
  • Standing in front of the mirror, the child, alternating, first purple, then corrects posture.
  • The child becomes the wall of the five points (neck, blades, buttocks, calves and heel). These points are the corners of our body to the outside and in the standard must come into contact with the wall. After that, they perform a series of movements, e.g., squats or breeding, the feet and the hands, stretching the muscles in the average, for 5 seconds.

Conclusion

Dear parents, to remember and speak to the child, "you're straight", of course, is necessary, but that is not enough. Begin to worry for the health of their children are still "children" and make sure you take the time to practice with them. An important moment in the formation of a correct posture of the child is the personal example. Perform exercises along with the child, keep your back straight and stay in good health!!!